Improvement in machines for making fish-hooks



NITED STATES arrasa C. O. CROSBY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 46,644, dated March 7, 1865.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, C. O. CROSBY, of New lIaven, in the countyof New Haven and State ot' (Jonnecticut, have invented a new and use- 19 illustrate equivalent devices for the saineV operation. Figs. 2t), 2l represent two forms for the head ot' a hook. Figs. 22 and 23 are illustrations to show that different forms of hooks may be made by equivalent devices; Figs.24, 25, 26, arrangements and adjustment ot' the grinding wheels or mills; Figs.27 and 2S, Kirby bender.

Same letters and characters in the different figures indicate like parts.

To enable those skilled in the art to make and use my machine, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

A is the bed-plate on which the operative mechanism is placed.

B is a driving-shaft.

C is a driving-pulleyloose upon the shat'tB, with teeth or catches a formed on its hub.

D is a clutch arranged so as to slide freely axially on the shaft B, and at the same tiineto cause the shaft to revolve when the teeth or catches b are closed into similar teeth, a, ou the pulley' C for that purpose.

E is a shipper, with its fulcrum at c to clutch and unclutch the power from the machine.

F is a pulley fixed to the driving-shaft for the purpose ot' imparting motion to a countershalt, G, through a belt connecting and driving the pulley H, fixed to the said countershalt G. At the opposite end otl the said counter-shaft I tix a grooved pulley, I. From this, by a belt, (denoted in red.) I carry power to another grooved pulley, d, attached toa shaft, e. This shaft e is supported by and revolves in a support, J. Above it I place another shaft, e', driven by cog-wheels a c2. The

bearing of this upper shaft, e', is hung at al, so that the other or inner end can be raised or lowered as occasion may require. On the opposite or inner ends ot' each of these two shafts I tix a feed-rolhfand g, with a slight groove in their periphery. These rolls are made to revolve rapidly. Between them I introduce the end of the wire from which l am to form the hook. A spring, b', pressing upon the bearing of the upper shaft, yields and allows the upper roll to rise sufficiently to admit the wire into the groove of the two rolls, and at the. same time presses with sullcientforce to cause the revolution of the rolls to carry the wire in through the guide O until it reaches the stop K. This stop is niade adjustable, so as to allow a variation of length of wire for differentsized hooks. When the wire is thus drawnin untilv its end comes against the said stop the rolls will still continue to revolve; but as the wire cannot be drawn farther they will slip upon the wire. rhein the wire is in, as before described, its end rests against the stop K to govern the length'of the wire to the sizeof the hook to be formed. A cutter,L, lying beneath the wire, (see Fig.3,) is forced up by the action ofthe cani A through the lever B', said lever having its fulcruin at C', one end operated by the cam, the other end operating to raise the cutter for the purpose described. Thus one piece or length ot' wire is cnt and rests upon the rack .c2 in one ofthe grooves e, (see Figs. 4 and 5,) the red line denoting the wire. Over this rack is a holder, c', which rests upon the wire to hold it inthe grooves.-

N is a carrier lying in the rack c2, and rests on one end of each of the two levers B2 and B2, which have their fulcrums at c2, the other ends operated bythe cams A2 to raise and lower the said carrier N, which also has a lateral motion given itby the lever B3, one end of which is attached to the carrier N, the other operated by the" cam A3 to give it the required movement. When the wire has been cut, and, as before stated, rests upon the rack, the carrier rises (see Fig. et) until it takes the wire in one of its grooves, (these grooves are formed to correspond with the grooves of the 'rack,) and by a lateral movement given it by the cam A3 carries the wire along to the next groove, as denoted in blue. (Sec Fig. 5.) When in this position the carrier drops and leaves the wire in the second groove; then returns to its first position..V When the carrier has thus returned, the cutter is removed from before the wire-passage, where it was left when it out the iirst piece,and no resistance being ot'fered, the wire will be drawn, in again, as before and cut' oli'. i/Vhile this is being done ,the second operation, which is to Hatten the head, is perl'orlned in the following manner: When by the successive operations as lastA described, the cutting iscontinued and the several wires so out are advanced one of the grooves each revolution, and when by this advancement the first wire shall have been set into the groove beneath the lever B4, its outer end rests upon the anvil P, (seeFig. 6,) and as the revolution of the shalt continues the cam acts upon the said lever to press down upon the end ofthe wire untilit presses it intothe proper shape, as denoted in Fig. 7, enlarged. This forms the head of the hook. The lever B, after having accomplished its work, rises, the headed wire'is advanced one notch, and a second rests upon the anvil for the same operation. Ai'ter the head is flattened, as described, it is necessary to hold the wire` so that the 'ila-t side of the head be upward. So as properly to do this andprevent the several headed wires from turning, l attach a guide, 15, Figs. 1 and l2, to the rack, in which l form a groove to receive the llattened head of each wire. This guide rises with the carrier and holds'the several wires in the proper position to present them for the'severaloperations to be afterward performed. Thus iiattened, the wire is ready for the third operation, which is the barb. The several pieces are carried along, as before described, until the ljrst rests upon the block P (see Fig. 6) and under the barb-cutter 132,(the wire representedin blue). This cutter is' fixed to a holder, m. Said holder works in the supports R to and from thev block P by the action ot' the cam A5, through the lever B5, the. end of which connects with the holder. The cutter is adjusted so that as it advances toward the block l it will enter under the guide P3 and strike the wire and cut into it'to form the barb. Previous to cutting the barb operation I bend the end of the wire into the forin nearly as shown in Fig. 7%, and cnt the barb from the angle downward. I make this bend during the descent or movement of the barb-cutter in the following manner: In a bearing, 10,1 hang` a lever, 11, one end, l1', made to rise and fall by means of an adjustable cam, 12, attached to the lever B5, operating upon the inclined plane formed on the end otl the said lever 1I. In the other end ot' the said lever 11 I place an adjustable presser,'13, and also attach to the samelever a holder, 14. As the barb-cutter descends the lever 1l is moved so as to force the presser downonto and bend the end of the wire, as shown in Fig. 7%, the holder 14 assisting in the operation by preventingthe wire from springing up. The. presser and holder remain on the wire until thebarb is cut. On Athe return of the cutter the lever 11 is released and the presser and holder rise, the barbed wire is' carried away, a second left upon the block for the same operation, andso on, successively cutting each Wire as it is presented, and they are carried on for the fourth operation, which is pressing and clipping the inner end to form the point. This may be done at one operation; but I prefer more than one, and I have represented three instruments alike in construction and operation, except it may be inthe form of the cutters or dies. These are represented in Figs l and 2. o' and o2 are curters or dies, one upon a iixed jaw, ()"and o?, the other upon movable jaws B. These Inovablejaws turn upon a fulcrum, O3, and areoperated by cams A6 to open or close the saidV cutters or dies o o2. As the wires' aresuccessively advanced and each inner end drops between the ljrst pair of dies the said dies are closedby the action of the cams A, and the inner' end is pressed into the form shown in Fig.`9. It then`passes on to the second pair, which outs away a portion of the end to form the point. This operation leaves thewire in the form as shown in Fig. 10. The third pair simply serve to linish the barb by pressing it into its proper form. (See Fig. 11.) To properly present the prepared point for the lit'th operation ot' grinding and polishing, which is performed by one or more grinding-wheels, S. (shown enlarged inFig. 12,) I represent them alike in construction and operatiomexcept the second and third may present a linercuttingsurface for the purpose of finishing the points more perfectly. The wheels are hung in the end of a sliding bar, Sv', the said bar supported in the frame. T t tare cams (see Fig. l2) adjustably fixed to the bar S to raise the wheel as it advances toward the wire to properly act upon the point to be ground, and are made adjustable by the slide t2, which may be raised or lowered by the set-screw t3. The wheels are driven by belts from grooved pnlleys S2 on the counter-shaft G. They are advanced as each point is presented bythe cams .A7, acting upon the end ofthe sliding bars,and

after having performed their part retreat by the reaction ot' springs, and after this part has been performed the point is complete.

It' it is desired to form what isy termed a hollow point, I employ a smaller mill or grinder for the last cut upon the point, (see Fig. 24, and in Fig. 25 enlarged,) the diameter ofthe mill being such as will give the required curve to the point, as see Fig. 25.

Constant grinding on one part of' the mill would soon'wear ordull the mill. To avoid this and make 'the wear equal on the entire face ofthe mill, I give to the mill-carriera lateral movement by means of an incline plane, 36, (see Fig. 24,) actuated by an eccentric, 37, on the shaft B. `This said incline plane during each operation of the mill is moved forward. and forces the millsV gradually to one side, allowing 'them to cut or grind across their entire face instead ot' one part, as they otherwise do. Tot move Vall the mills by one operation I connect them together` by a link, 38. So far the operation serves only for a fiat-faced mill, as the first and last in Fig.` 24; but I prefer a single cam f'or each, as shown and before described. For the middle or V'f`aced mill an additional movement is required, which is shown in Fig. 26, (enlarged to f'iill size.) Underneath the carrier s and on the suppoit T, I form aV- gitide, 39, corresponding to the V of' the mill, aitd on theundersideof'thecarriers, I fix a stud, 40, which, as the mi ll-carrier iitoves from one side to the other, rides down into tlieV 39on oite side and outy on the other side-that is, starting from the position in black, rides down to the position in red. cutting or grindingvthe left side of' the wire 41, and entirely across one side of tlte V-inill; then from the position in red to the position in blue, gritding the other side of' the wire, and using the entire face of' that side of the Vn1ill. The point completed, the wire is advanced for the sixth andvlast operation of the machine, which is bending. This is performed by the mechanism shown enlarged in Fig. 13. The barbed and pointed wire advances by the action of the carrier, as before described, until the wire rests on asiibformer e, below theV bender T2. (Shown still more enlarged in Figs. le and l5.) This sunformeriis hung in a bearing, e. lis operation is more fully shown hereinafter. The said bender T2 must be of' the lorin required for the hook. It is fixed to a shaft on which is a pinionm'. Asegmentgearle\'er,n2,liungupo-n a fulcruiti, n3, meshesinto the said pinion. 4A cam, A, on the driving-shaft I, through its connection 15, raises the segment and turns the bender T2. In the act ol turning, the notch in the bender catches the bai'b, as seen in Fig. 14, holds and draws the wire in, carrying the point around with it, aiiil as thel bender turns the siib-f'oriner e is drawn under the bender from the position in Fig. 1-1 into ilie position in Fig. 15, and its forni corresponding to that ofthe bender gives to the backof the hook the peculiar forni required. The form may be varied by. changing the bender and sub-former to give the desired form; or, it' a stiaight back only is required, the sub-former may be dispensed with and a straight block set into its place; or if the so-called Kirby bend 7 is required,insertithe former shown in Figs. 27 and 28. Aspiral groove in the said bender guides the back of' the hook out of aline with the point. The first bend described is known as the Limerick,77 in which the poiitt and back are in line, while in the Kirby bend the hook is spiral-that-is, the point is io one side ofthe line ofthe ba-ck oftlte hook. The hook is itow complete and perfect, teady l'or tempering. Uonsequently I now throw it from the machine. To do this a lever, U-,(seel Fig-.1.) by the action of the cam U', operates a sleeve, a5, on the bender-shaft. 0n this sleeve is a projection or pin extending through the plate a, on which is the. bender. After the hook is bent and complete the sleeve a5 is moved towardI the former, and the pin forces the hook from the bender, from thence to be removed to be tenipered. l

The various parts of my machine I make adjustable,that I may make various sizes and v styles of'hooks. These adjust-ments are shown in the drawings, and will need no further eX- planation to persons skilled, as they are made by coininoti and Well-known devices.

1 have illustrated and described my machine as performing thc several operations in a right line. This is not essential, as the carrier may he rotary, and instruments f'or per forming the several operatiotts placed around the circle, as shown in Fig. 16. N'is the carrier, which has a rotary movement given to it correspoiuliug to the lateral inovementof the carrierin the first illustration. lt is also raised in like manner as in the first. In this, however, I f'orin thel head'belore the wiie is run into the machine, but do itin lke manner as in the first-described arrangement. I also hold each piece of'. wire separately by springs 2. (See Fig. 17.) rlhe wire, after being headed, is forced under the springs, citt olf, aiid the Several operations performed by the instruments already described. The saine letters in first description alike refer to both illustrations, and when finished tlte hook is taken from the machine, as before described. For soinekinds of' hooks this arrangement may be the better one.

YA rotary carrier may be set vertically, as in Fig. 18 in this illustration. N is the carrier, with notches in its periphery corresponding to the notches in the carrier in the first illustra tion. c' isa metallic strap (correspondingr to the holder c in the first. illustration) to hold the several wires in the notches. The wiie in this case I wouldhead,as in the last', before running it into the carrier. l is a guide, (see Fig. 19,) corresponding to the guide in the first illustration, to revolve with the carrier. In

l this guide I make a gt cove, as in the first illustration, in which the flattened head is inserted to prevent the wires from turning as tlte carrier revolves. I would employ the saineinvstruinents to perform the several operations as in the other two descriptions, but in this would set them axially with the carrier and move the carrier to and from the instrument axially for each operation, to correspond with the up-and-down movement of' the carrier in the two cases before described.

The manner of' operating the several instruments in these rotary carriers from one or more shafts will readily suggest itself to any one conversant with machinery, and therefore needs'no description in detail.

I have thus far described but one form of' head for the hook; but it will be plainly seen that other forms, as shown in Fig. 20, may be formed by substantially the same device; but I illustrate a method ot' making this peculiar form of head in Figs. 22 and 23. leinploy two rotary carriers, the saine in construction as in Fig. 16. I connect the two by gearing,

that both may move simultaneously. I feed the wire in and cut it o",'as before described, except that I cut ot before the inner end shall have quite reached thestop', as at x. (Wire denoted in blue.) As each piece-is entered and cut ott' the carriers rotate one space; another is entered and cut of, and so on in like manner as tirst described. Fig. 23 is a section through the heading-instruments. Z Z are cam-rolls geared together.' At each movement of the carriers one ot' the pieces of Wire is passed between the two rolls, and at the required instant the cam part of the rolls comes together upon the wire and forces the Wire forward and against the stop. In this operation `\the cam part of the rolls is so formed as to draw the end of the wire down to the required form, as in Fig. 20. This-being accomplished, another movement ot' the carriers presents a secondnfor a like operation, and so on until the first yis set between clamp w'. This clamp has a lateral movement given to it from a cam, and after grasping the wire draws it ont from the first carrier and forces it into the second, (as denoted in red,) thence it is advanced for the performance of the several operations, and by the instruments as bel'ore described; or an eye (as in Fig. 21) may be formed by introducing, in place of the lever described, a mechanism such as described for bending the hook; or other forms by equivalent devices may be produced from one machine.

Having thus fully setforth and described my invention,what I claim thereon as new and useful, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

1. The combination of' an intermittent feeding device with a cutter, L, or its equivalent, when both are constructed substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of a carrier constructed and operating as described, produci ngintermittingly a progressive translatory movement of the blank with a cutter, L, and header B4, orV

their equivalents, substantially as described. The combination of a carrier constructed and operated as described, producing intermitting'l \1 a progressive translatory movement ofthe blank with header B4 and barb cutting instrument P2, or their equivalents, substantially as described. i

' 4. The presser 13, when formed so as topress upon the blank forward ot'v the barb to bend the blank over the bed P', on which it rests,` and to prevent the barb from curling over, substantially as set forth. l 5. The combination of the holder 14, back of the barb-cuttinginstrument, with the presser 13, forward of thebarb-cutting instrument, substantially as and for the purpose specified. 6. The combination of the holder 14, back of the barb-cutting instrument, and the presser 13, forward of the barb-cutting instrument, with the block or bed P', on which the blank estls, substantially as and for the purpose set 'ort 7. The combination of the'holder 14, back of the barb-cutting instrument, the presser 13, forward `ot' the barb-cutting instrument, and the bed P', on which the blank rests, with the barb-cutting instrument P2, substantially as described.

8. The combination of a carrier constructed andoperating as described, producing intermittingly a progressive translatory movement ofthe blank, with barb-cuttin g instrument P2. and one or more pairs of pressing or clipping dies, substantially as specified.`

9. The combination of a carrier constructed and operating as described, producing intermittingly a progressive translatory movement of the hlank,with one or more pairs ot' pressing or clipping dies, barb-cutting instrument, cutt of the blank,with one or more pairs of pressing or clipping dies and one .or more milling devices, substantially as set forth.

t `12. Thecombination ot' a carrier constructed and'operating as described, producing intermittingly a progressive trauslatory movement ot' the blank, with two or more pair of pressing ,or clipping dies, substantially as specified.

"13. The combination of a carrier constructed and operating as described, producing in- `termittingly a progressive translatory movement ofthe blank with two or more milling devices, S, substantially as described.

14'. The combination of a carrier constructed and operating as described, producing intermittingly a. progressive translatory movement of the blank with a barb-cutting instrument and one or' more milling devices, substantially as set forth.\ f 15. The combination cfa carrier constructed and operating as described, producing intermittingly a progressive translatory movement of the blank, withV a header,barbcutting instrument, and one or more milling devices, substantially as described.

16. The combination of a carrier constructed and operating as described, producing intermittingly a progressive translatory-movement of the blank, with a bender or former, T2, substantially as described.

17. Thel combination of a carrier constructed as described, producing intermittinglya progressive translatorymovementof the blank, with one or more milling devices, and a former or bender, T2, substantially` as set forth.

18. The combination of a carrier constructed as described, producing intermittingly a progressive translatory movement of the blank, with a barb-cutting instrument, and bender or former T2, substantially as specified.

19. The combination of a carrier constructed and-operating as described, producing intermittngly a progressive translatory movement of the blank, with a header, B4, and barbcutting instrument, substantially as described.

20. The combination of a carrier constructed and operating as described, producing iutermittingly a progressive translatory movement of the blank, with a bender, T2, and cutting device L, substantially as'described.

21. The combination of a carrier constructed and operating as described, producing intermittingly a progressive translatory movement, with a grooved guide, 15, substantially as and for the purpose specified. I

22. The combination otl a carrier constructed and operating asdescribed, producing intermittingly a progressive transla'tory movement of the blank, with a holder, c', which grasps andsecurely holds the blanks during their movement from one instrument to another, substantially as set forth.

23. The combination of a carrier constructed and operating as described, producing iutermittingly a progressive translatory movement of the blank, and a holder, c', which grasps and securely holds the blanks during theirmovemeutfromoneinstrument toanother, with abender, T2, substantially as described.

24. The combination, in one machine, of an intermittent feeding device, cutter L, a carrier constructed and operatingasdescribed, header B4, barb-cutter P2, pointing devices, and bender T2, or their-equivalents, in the manner and forthe purpose substan tially as herein set forth.

25./The adjusting-guide P3, for regulating VVAtli'e depth of the cut, in combination with the barb-cutting instrument P, substantially as described.

i C. O. CROSBY. Witnesses:

CHARLES A. CROSBY, J oHN E. EARLE. 

